Notes:

• Varying histories of this catwalk-style bridge exist. Some claim it was built 1704, a cable snapped in 1802 killing three people, and it was then rebuilt in 1830 (the present bridge). Others attribute the bridge to 1741 and have the 1802 incident killing "one or two people".
• Replaced by 1830 Wynch (Winch) - Middleton-in-Teesdale, England, United Kingdom.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008266

Notes:

• In an email dated January 16, 2000, Don Sayenga provided information about the location of this bridge. Generally attributed to Uniontown (the seat of Fayette County, PA), Mr. Sayenga offers some clues about the bridge's true location. "[James Finley] stated that he built it near the home of his friend Meason which implies a connection for the iron as Meason was making iron. Meason's home has survived by the way, a beautiful place. Finley stated it was a combination contract with the cost split between two counties, and he stated it was built over Jacob's Creek which is the county boundary. He also makes it clear it was on the road to Greensburg. The only place the old road crossed Jacob's Creek is just south of Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania. On the geodetic survey maps this spot is marked "Iron Bridge" but there is no town there. The last time I was there I saw a sign that said 'Iron Bridge' on an automobile scrap yard. I found absolutely no trace of the bridge, but it was not very big, so there was no need for a huge abutment."
• First suspension bridge with a rigid level deck, often considered the world's first modern suspension bridge.
• Coordinates are for the likely location of the bridge, where present-day (2020) Pennsylvania route 3105 crosses Jacob's Creek.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000873

Notes:

• BCW gives completion date of 1810 and says bridge was destroyed by flood two years later.
• Coordinates given are for the current crossing (VA SR123, still known locally as "Chain Bridge Road") which is on (or very close) to the alignment of Chain Bridge. Chain Bridge was the third bridge at this site. The current structure is the eighth and was completed in 1940.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008052

Notes:

• Destroyed by flood, 1810.
• Later at same location 1820 Wills Creek - Cumberland, Maryland, USA.

External Links:

• Dunlap's Creek Bridge (link reported not working). "The first recorded bridge across Dunlap's Creek was a wooden structure constructed prior to 1774. It was repaired in 1801, but was destroyed during a spring storm in 1808. A chain-link suspension bridge was built on the site in 1809; it collapsed under the weight of snow and a heavily laden wagon in 1820. A third bridge, another wooden structure, built in 1821 also failed. The present bridge is thus the fourth bridge at the site."
• Structurae - Structure ID 20008055

Notes:

• Failed 1811, 1816. HBE notes the 1811 was due to weight of cattle. The 1816 failure was due to weight of ice and snow.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008053

Notes:

• Destroyed by flood, 1822.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008054

Notes:

• John Templeman built several bridges (like this one) using James Finley's design.
• Repaired in 1827 after 5 of 10 chains snapped under weight of a team of oxen.
• The complete description from Thomas Pope's 1811 Treatise (POPE):

  "The chain Bridge lately thrown over the Merrimack, three miles above Newburyport, in the state of Massachusetts, is now in constant use. This Bridge consists of a single arc, two hundred and forty-four feet span. The abutments are of stone, forty-seven feet long, and thirty-seven high; the uprights, or framed work, which stand on the abutments, are thirty-five feet high, over which are suspended ten distinct chains, the ends of which on both sides of the river are buried deep in pits and secured by large stones: each chain is five hundred and sixteen feet long; and, where they pass over the uprights, they are treble, and made in short links, which is said to be more secure than saddles made of plates of iron. The four middle joists rest on the chains; all the rest are suspended to the main chains to equalize the floor. This Bridge has two passage-ways of fifteen feet in width each, and the floor is so solid as to admit of horses, carriages, etc. to travel at any speed, with very little perceptible motion of the floors. The railing is stout and strong, which adds much firmness to the floor. There are three chains in each range on each side, and four in the middle range: they are calculated to support nearly five hundred tons. From the surface of the water to the middle of the floor is forty feet; and from the top of the abutments to the top of the uprights is thirty-five feet high, making seventy-two feet. The magnitude and power of the abutments, the width and length of the floors, the elevation of the work, the evident powers of the chains, etc. all conspire to make it a wonderful work. Every expense attending it did not amount to twenty-five thousand dollars. The abutment being of stone, the uprights covered, and the chains painted to prevent rust, leaves nothing but the flooring to decay. This Bridge was constructed by John Templeman, Esq. of the district of Columbia, whose talents for the productions of such work, and the various improvements suggested and used by him, have been highly beneficial, and do him great credit."

• Gregory W. Buff sent a transcription of an article describing the 1827 failure. The article was in the Saturday, February 24, 1827 issue (Volume IV, Number 31) of the Canadian Spectator (Montreal, Quebec) newspaper:

  "Newburyport, Feb 9. Disastrious [sic] Accident. - On Tuesday morning last, the Essex Merrimack Bridge gave way in the centre, from the parting of the chains that support it. On the Bridge, at the moment, was a loaded team, drawn by six oxen and two horses, driven by two men, Messrs. Garlton [sic] and Jackman, all of whom were precipitated, forty feet, into the river beneath. The teamsters preserved themselves by means of swimming, and the support of fragments of the bridge; the team were all of them except one of the horses, swept beneath the ice a few rods below, and drowned. Five of the ten chains which supported the Bridge, were snapped in different places, and now remain upholding the broken and shattered timber altogether as sad a wreck as we ever witnessed. At the moment of the crash, the light evolved from the friction of the chains resembled the the vivid streaming of a meteor. Various excuses are assigned for the accident, and none, with more probability, than the united effect of the incumbent pressure of the immense body of snow lying upon the bridge, and the frost which had contracted the particles of iron. These produced a tenseness in the chains, which was incapable of resisting the additional pressure of the loaded team, and the whole gave way. The estimated expense of repairing the breach is about 4000 dollars; and the Directors, as we understand, plan to set about it immediately. It will be built up as before. To those who have been losers by this accident the corporation intend to make generous inumeration. The traveling will be uninterrupted, as the solidity of the ice above the bridge forms a safe passage way - and for the conveyance of carriages and heavy baggage the proprietors have promptly provided suitable boats. If any aversion to chain bridges has been produced by this accident, we should be sorry, for ourselves we feel yet unshaken faith in their superior security. The misfortune in this case was no doubt owing to the causes above stated, and not to any defect in the construction of the bridge. Probably hundreds of individuals, including each sex and all ages, have visited the ruins of the bridge. They present a sad and melancholy appearance - crushed and broken timbers suspended by the massy chains, which hang lazily from the pyramidical abutments, while the beholder instinctly shrinks back in terror at the reflection of the situation of the two human beings who were precipitated into the abyss beneath. The preservation of these two men is almost miraculous. Although hurled down 40 feet amid crashing and falling timber, entangled with their cattle, they fell without receiving the least injury, and attained the shore, after being for nearly half an hour, immerse in water chilled to the freezing point. Mr. Jackman is far advanced in years - and suffered somewhat from the exposure to the cold. Mr. Carlton [sic], escaped unhurt. The Chain Bridge has been built for about fifteen years, the span is 220 feet. We believe this was the second or third Chain Bridge built in the United States; and this is probably the first that has met with a similar accident. We understand the proprieters of the Rooks Bridge intend to rebuild theirs as a Chain Bridge."

• Replaced by 1909 Chain - Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA. The 1909 structure was almost entirely new (except for portions of the piers and abutments).

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20001418

Notes:

• BSI: Originally erected in the form of a traditional suspension bridge, but soon reinforced with wire stays from much larger towers to reduce unwanted motion. Destroyed by flood, 1839.

Notes:

• Narrow footbridge. First wire bridge in North America. HBE notes "first wire suspension bridge in any country."
• Often described as having collapsed under the weight of ice and snow, Don Sayenga notes that no contemporary sources confirm this demise. Since the nearby chain bridge did fail under weight of ice and snow, he believes this fate has been misattributed to the White and Hazard footbridge. Don believes the bridge was just dismantled at some point after June, 1816.
• Al Zagofsky also wrote to explain there was no evidence of this bridge collapsing under weight of ice and snow. Al writes: "According to an original source Captain Joshua Rowley Watson, who inspected the bridge on June 15, 1816: '...There was a bridge, but which by the weight of ice and snow, has been carried away.' This refers to the previous bridge that the cable bridge was temporarily replacing. I did not see any cause for failure of the wire rope bridge. My guess is that it was removed when the regular bridge was repaired. The same article shows a sketch that he made, showing the main span to be 407 feet. I am looking at the Canal History and Technology Proceedings Vol 5, March 22, 1986."

Notes:

• 2007, March: Closed after a hanger snapped in high winds. Repaired and reopened August, 2007.
• 2020, October: Closed for major renovation and conservation project.
• 2023, April: The bridge is reopened.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1826 Menai Strait - Menai Bridge and Bangor vicinity, Wales, United Kingdom.

External Links:

• Conservation - Union Chain Bridge - unionchainbridge.org. Site devoted to the 2020-2023 renovation project. This page lists the highlights of the project.
• Structurae - Structure ID 20000162

Notes:

• SBR: Severely damaged 1833, 1836. Destroyed by storm 1896.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008326

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000895

Notes:

• Famously collapsed under weight of marching troops April 12, 1831. Was rebuilt and strengthened and eventually replaced in 1914.

Notes:

• 1904: Major reinforcement and strengthening project.
• 2008, February: Major refurbishment project completed.
• Next to 1904 (footbridge) - Conwy, Wales, United Kingdom.

Annotated Citations:

• "Conway Suspension Bridge." The Engineer, 20 May 1904.
  

  Details regarding the 1904 reinforcement project: "...It was therefore decided to renew all the suspension rods, and pins, and to fix steel cables above the suspension links, to supplement them so that the maximum stress in the links due to any possible travelling load should not exceed 5 tons per square inch. It was also decided to build a stiffening girder coupled to the suspension rod on each side of the bridge, and at the same time to widen the bridge by building a footway 6ft. wide outside the suspenders on the north side of the bridge."

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000447

Notes:

• 1839 (or 1840): Restored. Deck strengthened.
• 1893: Original wood deck replaced with a steel deck.
• 1938-1940: Original wrought-iron chains replaced with steel eyebars, deck strengthened.
• 1999: Deck resurfaced and other improvements to strengthen bridge.
• 2020: Major maintenance project planned to start January, 2021.
• 2022, October: Closed due to serious structural concerns. Expected to reopen January 2023 with a weight restriction.
• Became longest suspension bridge by eclipsing 1820 Union - Horncliffe, Berwick-upon-Tweed vicinity, England and Fishwick, Scotland, United Kingdom.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1834 Zaehringen (Grand Pont Suspendu) - Fribourg, Switzerland.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000091

Notes:

• Multi-span structure distinct from Templeman's 1810 Chain Bridge. Sometimes misidentified as an 1827 replacement to the 1810 Templeman Chain Bridge because of the significant damage to the Templeman bridge in 1827.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008067

Notes:

• Replaced by 1887 Hammersmith - London, England, United Kingdom.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008011

Notes:

• SBR: March 19, 1830, with a "crowd of people, estimated at 700, ... watching a boat race," a chain broke "plunging most of the people into the river." Repaired.
• 1838: Wrecked by storm. Repaired.

Notes:

• First railway suspension bridge.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20079195

Notes:

• Became longest suspension bridge by eclipsing 1826 Menai Strait - Menai Bridge and Bangor vicinity, Wales, United Kingdom.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1849 Wheeling (Wheeling and Belmont) - Wheeling, West Virginia, USA.
• Near 1840 Gotteron - Fribourg, Switzerland.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000475

Notes:

• Collapsed under weight of maching troops, April 16, 1850, killing more than 200 soldiers. Collapse precipitated French virtual moratorium on suspension bridge building bringing to a close the prolific era of French wire cable suspension bridges.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20004743

Notes:

• Wrecked by wind 1852, rebuilt, damaged 1866, 1869, 1870, and 1871. After the 1871 repairs, it was restricted to foot traffic. It was replaced in 1911 by an arch. Approaches extant (next to the later suspension bridge), 2004.
• Next to 1960 Roche-Bernard - La Roche-Bernard, Morbihan, France.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20004742

Notes:

• This is perhaps one of the most fanciful large suspension bridges ever built.
• Destroyed in a storm, 1869. Its replacement (a truss bridge) was completed in 1883. The approaches and the bottom halves of the suspension bridge towers were strengthened and used for the replacement.
• AAJ citing Engineering News-Record: "Vergès used inclined tie cables running from the top of the tower at one end of a span to a roadway-level connection on the opposite tower."

External Links:

• Structurae - Cubzac Bridge. Photos of the replacement truss structure.
• Structurae - Structure ID 20000898

Notes:

• BBR and BOB say 1841.

Notes:

• BEM mentions three different years of completion: 1826, 1862, and 1843, all of which are likely incorrect. The bridge was out of service by 1864 as the chain cables were reused for the Clifton Bridge at Bristol, England.
• See 1864 Clifton - Bristol, England, United Kingdom.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20002315

Notes:

• In use until 1860.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20006118

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20007338

Notes:

• Replaced by 1855 Niagara Suspension - Niagara Falls, New York, USA and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada.

Notes:

• Don Sayenga notes, the bridge was designed by W.T. Clark, but built by Adam Clark (no relation).
• 1945: Destroyed during WWII, rebuilt 1949.
• 2020: Major rehabilitation project expected to start May, 2021.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000455

Notes:

• Was still part of Virginia at time of completion.
• 1854: Rebuilt after it was wrecked by a windstorm. Contrary to popular myth, the rebuilding was undertaken by Ellet and his assistant William K. McComas, not by John A. Roebling.
• 1860: Overhauled. Popular myth often attributes this work to the Roeblings. WHSB attributes this work to William K. McComas. After this overhaul, the bridge still does not have the distinctive diagonal cable stays that give it the appearance of a Roebling bridge.
• 1872: Overhauled according to a design by Washington Roebling. John A. Roebling had died in 1869 and was not involved with this work. WHSB notes, "The design essentially Roeblingized the bridge with the diagonal cable stays that are such a prominent feature of the bridge."
• 2019, September: Closed to vehicular traffic indefinitely due to safety concerns after repeated overweight vehicle violations.
• 2020, November: Bids being evaluated for renovation project. Bridge remains closed to vehicular traffic.
• 2021, April: Single bid received was rejected. Bids expected to be resolicited in June. The bridge remains closed to all vehicular traffic.
• 2022, February: $17.9 million renovation project expected to start soon.
• Became longest suspension bridge by eclipsing 1834 Zaehringen (Grand Pont Suspendu) - Fribourg, Switzerland.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1867 John A. Roebling (Cincinnati, Cincinnati and Covington) - Cincinnati, Ohio and Covington, Kentucky, USA.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000478

Notes:

• Wrecked by wind February 1, 1864. Stay cables beneath the bridge had been disconnected to avoid damage from rising ice. Portions of the cables and deck remained, in a derelict state, as late as 1895. Replacement was not started until the late 1890's.
• The February 3, 1864 edition of Niagara Falls Gazette describes the wind event: "Partial Destruction Of The Lewiston Suspension Bridge -- A portion of the flooring and other wood-work of the Lewiston Suspension Bridge was blown down during the gale Monday forenoon. It seems that the long guys had been cut during the late ice jam to prevent injury to the structure and thus its strength to withstand a gale was much weakened. The wind swept through the gorge on Monday with terrific force and swayed the bridge so that some of the cross timbers, near the centre were loosened from their fastenings, and fell, of course carrying the floor with them. A large portion at each end, remains without material injury. The extent of the damage -- financially -- we have not yet learned, but we judge from what we hear that it may be about $10,000. The bridge was built in 1852 and cost not far from $40,000. It will doubtless soon be repaired and in use."
• Later at same location 1899 Lewiston-Queenston - Lewiston, New York, USA and Queenston, Ontario, Canada.
• See 1849 Wheeling (Wheeling and Belmont) - Wheeling, West Virginia, USA. The 1851 Lewiston-Queenston bridge is sometimes claimed to have become the longest in the world with a main span surpassing the length of the Wheeling suspension bridge. However, Don Sayenga notes the length of the suspended span of the Lewiston-Queenston bridge was only 849 feet, not the 1,043 feet sometimes cited. Don writes: "[1,043 feet] was the distance between the towers built high up on the cliffs above the crossing - because there was no space for them below. The roadway suspended from the towers was only 849 feet span over the water from abutment to abutment." Thus, Roebling's Cincinnati bridge should be considered the first to eclipse Wheeling's record main span.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20007333

Notes:

• An early attempt at a railroad suspension bridge, it was significantly reconstructed (because of excessive vibrations and increasing loads) by Julius W. Adams in 1857 to have three spans of 120, 163, and 163 feet. It is unclear whether the new structure was also a suspension bridge.
• HOF describes the location as "between the foot of Broadway and the neck of land near the mouth of Benson Creek." The coordinates provided here are for the later rail crossing at that general location, likely at or very close to the site of the suspension bridge.

Notes:

• Was still part of Virginia at time of completion.
• Damaged during Civil War. An article in the August 2, 1861 issue of the New York Times mentions: "A junction of our forces having now been effected, the army at once moved on to Elk River, which debouches into the Kanawha at Charleston, where the army encamped for the night. We would have crossed the stream at once, and marched through the town the same evening, but for the fact that the rebels had partially destroyed the beautiful suspension bridge which spans Elk River at this spot, rendering it unsafe for passage. Not content with burning a portion of the flooring, they nearly severed the strands which support the structure, and aid their work, too, in the most bungling manner. A more shameless piece of vandalism I never witnessed. While the army slept, a company of sappers and miners repaired the damage, and yesterday the army, nearly five thousand strong, marched through the streets of Charleston."
• Near 1884 (suspension bridge) - Charleston, West Virginia, USA.

Notes:

• Rebuilt 1857.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20009683

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20005655

Notes:

• Was still part of Virginia at time of completion.

Notes:

• Replaced by 1877 Minneapolis - Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
• Later at same location 1990 Hennepin Avenue (Father Louis Hennepin) - Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20052001

Notes:

• Cables renovated, 1877. Wooden stiffening trusses replaced, 1880. Towers replaced, c. 1886. Bridge replaced with steel arch, 1897.
• AAJ notes the roadway deck opened in 1854, but the railway deck did not open until 1855.
• Replaced 1848 Niagara Suspension - Niagara Falls, New York, USA and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000047

Notes:

• Replaced in 1890's (ONC).

Notes:

• Replaced by 1937 Chelsea - London, England, United Kingdom.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20002316

Notes:

• BPL cites this bridge as the first suspension bridge with metal towers. However, at least two earlier suspension bridges (1857 Watertown, New York and 1856 Bidwell Bar, California) are known to have metal towers and even Roebling's 1846 Smithfield Street Bridge in Pittsburgh had cast iron towers.
• Next to 1884 North Side (Seventh Street) - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20007343

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20003156

Notes:

• Built with chain cables reused from the Hungerford bridge.
• See 1845 Hungerford - London, England, United Kingdom.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000018

Notes:

• 1892: Cable ends restored.
• 1899: Steel cables added to assist original cables.
• 2021, February: Closed to all vehicular traffic for a nine-month restoration project.
• Became longest suspension bridge by eclipsing 1849 Wheeling (Wheeling and Belmont) - Wheeling, West Virginia, USA.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1869 Clifton (Niagara-Clifton, Falls View, First Falls View) - Niagara Falls, New York, USA and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000513

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008544

Notes:

• Opened January 2nd, 1869. Wooden towers replaced with steel towers, 1884. Widened to 17 feet, 1888. Wrecked by wind, January, 1889. Some of the images here may show the replacement bridge.
• Became longest suspension bridge by eclipsing 1867 John A. Roebling (Cincinnati, Cincinnati and Covington) - Cincinnati, Ohio and Covington, Kentucky, USA.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1883 Brooklyn (Great East River) - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.
• Replaced by 1889 Second Falls View - Niagara Falls, New York, USA and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000528

Notes:

• 1915: Rebuilt.
• 2020, October: Closed for restoration project expecting to last 18-24 months.
• 2021, March: Major restoration project underway, led by Sparks Engineering, Inc.
• 2023, April: The restored bridge is rededicated on April 22. Patrick Sparks of Sparks Engineering reports: . The rededication was held April 22, 2023. "The project involved full rehabilitation including: replacement of the suspension system and anchor rods, strengthening of the anchorages, replacement of the saddle bearings, retrofit strengthening of the east tower, and deck replacement (concrete on the main deck, tropical hardwood on the side walks)."

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20001398

Notes:

• AAJ: Rebuilt, 1884, 1905.

Notes:

• Partial floor collapse requiring extensive repairs, December 24, 1903. Repaired, 1904. Demolished 1927.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20006126

Notes:

• Replaced 1855 Minneapolis (St. Anthony's Falls) - Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
• Later at same location 1990 Hennepin Avenue (Father Louis Hennepin) - Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Notes:

• The side spans are supported solely by inclined stays, not suspenders from the main cables.
• Closed to all traffic on July 15, 2004 due to damage to the deck, possibly caused by an overloaded truck. Repaired and reopened.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20003008

Notes:

• Became longest suspension bridge by eclipsing 1869 Clifton (Niagara-Clifton, Falls View, First Falls View) - Niagara Falls, New York, USA and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1903 Williamsburg - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.
• Next to 1909 Manhattan - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.
• Near 1903 Williamsburg - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000011

Notes:

• AAJ: Repaired by William Hildenbrand a few years after completion.
• Near 1852 Charleston (Lovell Street) - Charleston, West Virginia, USA.

Notes:

• Next to 1860 Allegheny River (Sixth Street, St. Clair) - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
• Replaced by 1926 Andy Warhol (Seventh Street) - Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

External Links:

• Bridgehunter.com | 7th Street Bridge

Notes:

• 2019, April: Closed to vehicular traffic due to safety concerns after an inspection found fractures in the cast iron casings around the bridge pedestals. Some repair work followed, but was not fully funded or finished (as of mid-2020)
• 2020, August: Fractures found to have worsened during recent heatwave. Bridge is completely closed to all pedestrian and bicycle traffic. Pedestrian walkways under the bridge and all river traffic under the bridge are also prohibited (implying risk of collapse).
• 2020, December: Bridge may reopen to pedestrians and cyclists if deemed safe by maintenance contractor, Mott MacDonald.
• 2021, January: Plan discussed to "thread" a temporary truss along the length of the deck to permit traffic while the suspension bridge undergoes repairs.
• 2021, March: Feasibility study on "double-decker" temporary truss plan determines it is feasible, possibly opening to pedestrian and vehicular traffic by mid-2022.
• 2021, July: Reopened for pedestrian and bicycle use.
• Replaced 1827 Hammersmith - London, England, United Kingdom.

External Links:

• ENR - Engineers Ponder Solutions for Damaged London Bridge. February 22, 2021 Engineering News-Record article discusses proposal to thread a temporary truss between the towers to allow traffic while the larger suspension bridge repairs are completed. Recaps the issue: "Cracks have been found in the cast-iron pedestals that support suspension cable saddles at the abutments. Engineers suspect that roller bearings between the saddles and pedestals seized up at least 30 years ago…"
• Hammersmith Bridge | Temporary ‘double-decker’ proposal deemed technically feasible - New Civil Engineer. March 22, 2021
• The Happy Pontist: London Bridges: 33. Hammersmith Bridge
• Structurae - Structure ID 20008013

Notes:

• The town was named "Mauch Chunk" at the time the pipeline was built.

Notes:

• Braced chain (stiffened-eyebar) design often espoused by Gustav Lindenthal. ONF (an article by Lindenthal) refers to this as the Jefferson Ave. bridge while Fowler's book (IEA) calls it "Grand Avenue". AAJ describes it as "a three-hinged inverted arch with two stiffened chains, one on each side."

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20056221

Notes:

• 1870 and 1874 are also sometimes cited as year of completion.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008135

Notes:

• Short stiffened eyebar ("braced chain") of the style that Lindenthal often proposed. A mid-span support was added many years ago.
• Major rehabilitation started, June 2007. Reopened November, 2007.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20011103

Notes:

• Rebuilt 1939 by David Steinman. Closed and demolished, 1970.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20012317

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20009575

Notes:

• Othmar Ammann worked as an intern on this bridge.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20001542

Notes:

• Reused parts from the recently dismantled Second Falls View Bridge.
• At former location of 1851 Lewiston-Queenston - Lewiston, New York, USA and Queenston, Ontario, Canada.
• See 1889 Second Falls View - Niagara Falls, New York, USA and Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada.

Notes:

• At least one of the towers is still standing, as of 2006.
• Coordinates are for likely location of the bridge, based on historical maps.

Notes:

• Misspelled on every long span bridge list I've ever seen, this long narrow footbridge is located at Mapimí, Mexico.
• AAJ notes this bridge as having a 10-foot wide roadway and having been built by William Hildenbrand. The present-day bridge's deck measures only 1.8 meters and is restricted to foot traffic. In HBE, Tyrell takes credit for the design of the bridge and also notes the 10-foot roadway (though, HBE was probably a source for AAJ).

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20008133

Notes:

• According to Tyrell, "[It] joins Dock Street on the lower side of the river with Glendon Avenue on the upper side, 90 feet above it. To overcome this difference in elevation of the two ends without incurring excessive expense for approach, the bridge floor was made to descend on a grade of 7.2 per cent from the upper bank to meet stairs rising from Dock Street..."

Notes:

• Removed by the 1960s, probably earlier.

Notes:

• Replaced by 1964 Elisabeth (Erzsébet) - Budapest, Hungary.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20004946

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20004782

Notes:

• Became longest suspension bridge by eclipsing 1883 Brooklyn (Great East River) - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.
• Eclipsed by new longest suspension bridge 1924 Bear Mountain - Anthony's Nose and Bear Mountain, New York, USA.
• Near 1883 Brooklyn (Great East River) - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.
• Near 1909 Manhattan - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000514

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20002352

Notes:

• Destroyed by flood, 1936.

Notes:

• Opened December 31, 1909, but not fully completed yet.
• Next to 1883 Brooklyn (Great East River) - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.
• Near 1903 Williamsburg - New York and Brooklyn, New York, USA.

External Links:

• Structurae - Structure ID 20000529

Notes:

• Towers from this bridge are still visible next to the towers of the current suspension footbridge. HBE, in 1911, notes that it "collapsed some years ago carrying a wagon and its driver into the cataract."
• Jakkula (AAJ) cites an article tracing back to the Quebec Gazette stating the bridge failed on April 30, 1856 resulting in the loss of "several" lives and recounting the troubled history of the bridge: "There had been statements made before to the effect that the bridge was not to be trusted. People crossed it with terror. On the northern bank, 5 of the 7 strands of one of the wire cables had previously given way, and the cable had been repaired."
• Later at same location Montmorency Falls - Quebec City vicinity, Quebec, Canada.