Inventory Search Results (1-100 of 700)

700 suspension bridges were found for search criteria: David completed between 1700 and 2010 including undated bridges. Bridges 1 through 100 (of 700 total) appear below. Click the Bridgemeister ID number to isolate the bridge on its own page. If you don't see what you were looking for, try an image search with the same criteria: David. This will find the bridge if it is pictured on the site, but is not a catenary suspension bridge.

Related:

1810: Chain

Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA - Merrimack River
Bridgemeister ID:14 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1810
Name:Chain
Also Known As:Essex-Merrimack
Location:Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA
Crossing:Merrimack River
At or Near Feature:Deer Island
Coordinates:42.833947 N 70.906811 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:John Templeman
References:AAJ, BBR, CAB, GBD, HBE, POPE, PTS2, RDH
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, light vehicles only)
Status:Replaced, 1909
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 74.1 meters (243 feet)
Deck width:30 feet (2 roadways of 15 feet)

Notes:

  • John Templeman built several bridges (like this one) using James Finley's design.
  • Repaired in 1827 after 5 of 10 chains snapped under weight of a team of oxen.
  • The complete description from Thomas Pope's 1811 Treatise (POPE):
    "The chain Bridge lately thrown over the Merrimack, three miles above Newburyport, in the state of Massachusetts, is now in constant use. This Bridge consists of a single arc, two hundred and forty-four feet span. The abutments are of stone, forty-seven feet long, and thirty-seven high; the uprights, or framed work, which stand on the abutments, are thirty-five feet high, over which are suspended ten distinct chains, the ends of which on both sides of the river are buried deep in pits and secured by large stones: each chain is five hundred and sixteen feet long; and, where they pass over the uprights, they are treble, and made in short links, which is said to be more secure than saddles made of plates of iron. The four middle joists rest on the chains; all the rest are suspended to the main chains to equalize the floor. This Bridge has two passage-ways of fifteen feet in width each, and the floor is so solid as to admit of horses, carriages, etc. to travel at any speed, with very little perceptible motion of the floors. The railing is stout and strong, which adds much firmness to the floor. There are three chains in each range on each side, and four in the middle range: they are calculated to support nearly five hundred tons. From the surface of the water to the middle of the floor is forty feet; and from the top of the abutments to the top of the uprights is thirty-five feet high, making seventy-two feet. The magnitude and power of the abutments, the width and length of the floors, the elevation of the work, the evident powers of the chains, etc. all conspire to make it a wonderful work. Every expense attending it did not amount to twenty-five thousand dollars. The abutment being of stone, the uprights covered, and the chains painted to prevent rust, leaves nothing but the flooring to decay. This Bridge was constructed by John Templeman, Esq. of the district of Columbia, whose talents for the productions of such work, and the various improvements suggested and used by him, have been highly beneficial, and do him great credit."
  • Gregory W. Buff sent a transcription of an article describing the 1827 failure. The article was in the Saturday, February 24, 1827 issue (Volume IV, Number 31) of the Canadian Spectator (Montreal, Quebec) newspaper:
    "Newburyport, Feb 9. Disastrious [sic] Accident. - On Tuesday morning last, the Essex Merrimack Bridge gave way in the centre, from the parting of the chains that support it. On the Bridge, at the moment, was a loaded team, drawn by six oxen and two horses, driven by two men, Messrs. Garlton [sic] and Jackman, all of whom were precipitated, forty feet, into the river beneath. The teamsters preserved themselves by means of swimming, and the support of fragments of the bridge; the team were all of them except one of the horses, swept beneath the ice a few rods below, and drowned. Five of the ten chains which supported the Bridge, were snapped in different places, and now remain upholding the broken and shattered timber altogether as sad a wreck as we ever witnessed. At the moment of the crash, the light evolved from the friction of the chains resembled the the vivid streaming of a meteor. Various excuses are assigned for the accident, and none, with more probability, than the united effect of the incumbent pressure of the immense body of snow lying upon the bridge, and the frost which had contracted the particles of iron. These produced a tenseness in the chains, which was incapable of resisting the additional pressure of the loaded team, and the whole gave way. The estimated expense of repairing the breach is about 4000 dollars; and the Directors, as we understand, plan to set about it immediately. It will be built up as before. To those who have been losers by this accident the corporation intend to make generous inumeration. The traveling will be uninterrupted, as the solidity of the ice above the bridge forms a safe passage way - and for the conveyance of carriages and heavy baggage the proprietors have promptly provided suitable boats. If any aversion to chain bridges has been produced by this accident, we should be sorry, for ourselves we feel yet unshaken faith in their superior security. The misfortune in this case was no doubt owing to the causes above stated, and not to any defect in the construction of the bridge. Probably hundreds of individuals, including each sex and all ages, have visited the ruins of the bridge. They present a sad and melancholy appearance - crushed and broken timbers suspended by the massy chains, which hang lazily from the pyramidical abutments, while the beholder instinctly shrinks back in terror at the reflection of the situation of the two human beings who were precipitated into the abyss beneath. The preservation of these two men is almost miraculous. Although hurled down 40 feet amid crashing and falling timber, entangled with their cattle, they fell without receiving the least injury, and attained the shore, after being for nearly half an hour, immerse in water chilled to the freezing point. Mr. Jackman is far advanced in years - and suffered somewhat from the exposure to the cold. Mr. Carlton [sic], escaped unhurt. The Chain Bridge has been built for about fifteen years, the span is 220 feet. We believe this was the second or third Chain Bridge built in the United States; and this is probably the first that has met with a similar accident. We understand the proprieters of the Rooks Bridge intend to rebuild theirs as a Chain Bridge."
  • Replaced by 1909 Chain - Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA. The 1909 structure was almost entirely new (except for portions of the piers and abutments).

External Links:

Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg Glass slide, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1818: Dryburgh Abbey

Dryburgh and St. Boswells, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Tweed
Bridgemeister ID:1440 (added 2004-07-31)
Year Completed:1818
Name:Dryburgh Abbey
Location:Dryburgh and St. Boswells, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Tweed
References:AAJ, BEM, MOS
Use:Footbridge
Status:Collapsed, 1838
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 79.2 meters (260 feet)
Deck width:4.5 feet

Notes:

  • May have been rebuilt around 1850. History of the bridge is unclear between the 1838 collapse and replacement in 1872.
  • This 1818 bridge was a replacement for the 1817 Dryburgh Abbey suspension bridge which appears to have been primarily a cable-stayed structure and is not included in the inventory. The 1817 bridge failed due to wind in early 1818.
  • Later at same location 1872 Dryburgh Abbey - Dryburgh and St. Boswells, Scotland, United Kingdom.

External Links:

Print, collection of David Denenberg Newspaper article, collection of David Denenberg

1820: Union

Horncliffe, Berwick-upon-Tweed vicinity, England and Fishwick, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Tweed
Bridgemeister ID:373 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1820
Name:Union
Location:Horncliffe, Berwick-upon-Tweed vicinity, England and Fishwick, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Tweed
Coordinates:55.75256 N 2.10677 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Sir Samuel Brown
References:AAJ, BBR, BC3, BEM, BOB, HBE, MOS, NTB, PTS2, SBR
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2023)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 136.9 meters (449 feet)
Deck width:18 feet

Notes:

External Links:

Newspaper article, collection of David Denenberg Photo by Dave Cooper Photo by David Denenberg Photo by Dave Cooper Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1823: (suspension bridge)

Réunion, France - Sainte-Suzanne River
Bridgemeister ID:1541 (added 2004-11-03)
Year Completed:1823
Name:(suspension bridge)
Location:Réunion, France
Crossing:Sainte-Suzanne River
Principals:Marc Brunel
References:AAJ, ASB, CAB
Use:Vehicular (two-lane)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2 x 40.2 meters (131.75 feet)

Notes:

Print, collection of David Denenberg

1823: Brighton Pier

Brighton, East Sussex, England, United Kingdom
Bridgemeister ID:376 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1823
Name:Brighton Pier
Location:Brighton, East Sussex, England, United Kingdom
Principals:Sir Samuel Brown
References:AAJ, BEM, BOB, HBE, MOS, SBR
Use:Footbridge
Status:Destroyed, 1896
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:4
Main Spans:4 x 77.7 meters (255 feet)

Notes:

  • SBR: Severely damaged 1833, 1836. Destroyed by storm 1896.

External Links:

Print, collection of David Denenberg Print, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1826: Conwy

Conwy, Wales, United Kingdom - River Conwy
Bridgemeister ID:380 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1826
Name:Conwy
Also Known As:Conway
Location:Conwy, Wales, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Conwy
Coordinates:53.280476 N 3.823742 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Thomas Telford
References:AAJ, BBR, BC3, BCO, BEM, HBE, MOS, NTB, PTS2
Use:Vehicular
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 99.7 meters (327 feet)

Notes:

Annotated Citations:

  • "Conway Suspension Bridge." The Engineer, 20 May 1904.

    Details regarding the 1904 reinforcement project: "...It was therefore decided to renew all the suspension rods, and pins, and to fix steel cables above the suspension links, to supplement them so that the maximum stress in the links due to any possible travelling load should not exceed 5 tons per square inch. It was also decided to build a stiffening girder coupled to the suspension rod on each side of the bridge, and at the same time to widen the bridge by building a footway 6ft. wide outside the suspenders on the north side of the bridge."

External Links:

Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Photo by Dave Cooper Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1826: Gattonside

Melrose, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Tweed
Bridgemeister ID:381 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1826
Name:Gattonside
Also Known As:Melrose
Location:Melrose, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Tweed
Coordinates:55.602830 N 2.723349 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Redpath and Brown
References:BC2, BSI, NTB
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2014)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 91.4 meters (300 feet)
Side Spans:2
Deck width:4 feet 4 inches

Notes:

  • Steel cables added, 1992.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Photo by Dave Cooper Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1826: Menai Strait

Menai Bridge and Bangor vicinity, Wales, United Kingdom - Menai Strait
Bridgemeister ID:382 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1826
Name:Menai Strait
Location:Menai Bridge and Bangor vicinity, Wales, United Kingdom
Crossing:Menai Strait
Coordinates:53.221367 N 4.1646 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Thomas Telford
References:AAJ, BBR, BC3, BCO, BDU, BEM, BOU, HBE, MOS, NTB, PTS2
Use:Vehicular (two-lane), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 176.5 meters (579 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Photo by Irene Crest Photo by Michael Levy Photo by Dave Cooper Postcard by Jochem Hollestelle

1827: (suspension bridge)

Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA - Merrimack River
Bridgemeister ID:23 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1827
Name:(suspension bridge)
Location:Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA
Crossing:Merrimack River
Principals:Thomas Haven
References:AAJ, BPL, HBE, PTS2
Status:Replaced, 1840
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:5
Main Spans:3
Side Spans:2

Notes:

  • Multi-span structure distinct from Templeman's 1810 Chain Bridge. Sometimes misidentified as an 1827 replacement to the 1810 Templeman Chain Bridge because of the significant damage to the Templeman bridge in 1827.

External Links:

Print, collection of David Denenberg

1827: Andance

Andance, Ardèche and Andancette, Drôme, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:976 (added 2003-11-14)
Year Completed:1827
Name:Andance
Location:Andance, Ardèche and Andancette, Drôme, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:45.242194 N 4.801638 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Marc Seguin
References:AAJ, ASB
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2009)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Notes:

  • Destroyed August 30, 1944. Rebuilt 1946.

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1827: Hammersmith

London, England, United Kingdom - River Thames
Bridgemeister ID:386 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1827
Name:Hammersmith
Location:London, England, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Thames
Principals:William Tierney Clark
References:AAJ, BEM, BTH, HBE, MOS, NTB, ONF, PTS2
Use:Vehicular, with walkway
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Chain
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 121.9 meters (400 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 44.8 meters (147 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Print, collection of David Denenberg.

1827: L'île Barbe

Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:1535 (added 2004-10-31)
Year Completed:1827
Name:L'île Barbe
Location:Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France
Crossing:Saône River
Coordinates:45.796883 N 4.83055 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Favier
References:AAJ, PQL, PTS2
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2005)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2 x 102 meters (334.66 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg

1828: Sassenage

Sassenage and Grenoble, Isère, France - Drac River
Bridgemeister ID:1728 (added 2005-04-06)
Year Completed:1828
Name:Sassenage
Location:Sassenage and Grenoble, Isère, France
Crossing:Drac River
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1938
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1828: South Stack

Holyhead, Wales, United Kingdom
Bridgemeister ID:1212 (added 2004-02-08)
Year Completed:1828
Name:South Stack
Location:Holyhead, Wales, United Kingdom
At or Near Feature:Goleudy Ynys Lawd (Ynys Lawd Lighthouse)
Coordinates:53.306972 N 4.696822 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Only towers remain
Main Cables:Chain
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 37 meters (121.4 feet) estimated

Notes:

  • Provided access to the lighthouse at South Stack. Iron chain suspension system replaced in 1964, surviving until until 1983, but unclear if it was still functioning as a suspension bridge. Towers are now used as abutments for a pedestrian truss bridge.
Postcard, collection of David Denenberg. Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg

1829: Beaucaire

Beaucaire, Gard and Tarascon, Bouches-du-Rhône, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:626 (added 2003-01-20)
Year Completed:1829
Name:Beaucaire
Location:Beaucaire, Gard and Tarascon, Bouches-du-Rhône, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Principals:Jules Seguin, Joseph Chaley
References:AAJ, ASB, GHD, PTS2
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, August 6, 1944
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:4
Main Spans:2 x 120 meters (393.72 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 93.6 meters (307.1 feet)

Notes:

  • 1887: Flooring failed.
  • 1944: Bombed by Allied Forces, August 6.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1829: Montrose

Montrose, Scotland, United Kingdom - South Esk River
Bridgemeister ID:388 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1829
Name:Montrose
Location:Montrose, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:South Esk River
Coordinates:56.705802 N 2.475390 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Sir Samuel Brown
References:AAJ, BEM, BOB, HBE, PTS2, SBR
Use:Vehicular
Status:Demolished, 1929
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • SBR: March 19, 1830, with a "crowd of people, estimated at 700, ... watching a boat race," a chain broke "plunging most of the people into the river." Repaired.
  • 1838: Wrecked by storm. Repaired.
Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Print, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1829: Palais de Justice

Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:546 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1829
Name:Palais de Justice
Location:Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France
Crossing:Saône River
Principals:Seguin Brothers
References:PQL
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1972
Main Cables:Wire (iron)

Notes:

  • Damaged by flood, 1840. Rebuilt. Bombed, 1944. Repaired, 1945. Location now occupied by a cable-stayed footbridge, completed 1986.

External Links:

Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1829: Vienne

Vienne, Isère and Sainte-Colombe, Rhône, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:977 (added 2003-11-15)
Year Completed:1829
Name:Vienne
Location:Vienne, Isère and Sainte-Colombe, Rhône, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:45.524867 N 4.87035 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Marc Seguin
References:AAJ, ASB
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2005)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Notes:

  • Damaged by flood in 1840. Rebuilt.

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1830: Bourg-Saint-Andéol

Bourg-Saint-Andéol, Ardèche, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:1719 (added 2005-04-05)
Year Completed:1830
Name:Bourg-Saint-Andéol
Location:Bourg-Saint-Andéol, Ardèche, France
Crossing:Rhône River
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1971
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Spans:1 x 88.9 meters (291.7 feet),
1 x 85.7 meters (281.2 feet),
1 x 87 meters (285.4 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1830: Fourques

Fourques, Gard and Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, France - Petit Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:1040 (added 2003-12-06)
Year Completed:1830
Name:Fourques
Location:Fourques, Gard and Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, France
Crossing:Petit Rhône River
Coordinates:43.688722 N 4.613472 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Seguin Brothers
References:BPF
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2020)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1830: Remoulins

Remoulins, Gard, France - Gardon River
Bridgemeister ID:946 (added 2003-10-30)
Year Completed:1830
Name:Remoulins
Location:Remoulins, Gard, France
Crossing:Gardon River
Coordinates:43.936944 N 4.557333 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Marc Seguin
References:BPF
Use:Vehicular
Status:Only towers remain, since 1938 (last checked: 2002)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 120 meters (393.7 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1830: Valence

Valence, Drôme and Guilherand-Granges, Ardèche, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:631 (added 2003-01-20)
Year Completed:1830
Name:Valence
Location:Valence, Drôme and Guilherand-Granges, Ardèche, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:44.932022 N 4.882951 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Marc Seguin
References:ASB, PTS2
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2 x 110 meters (360.9 feet)
Deck width:7 meters

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Andrézieux

Andrézieux, Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:978 (added 2003-11-15)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Andrézieux
Location:Andrézieux, Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Principals:Seguin Brothers
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, October 17, 1907
Main Cables:Wire (iron)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Beauregard

Beauregard, Ain, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:1713 (added 2005-04-03)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Beauregard
Location:Beauregard, Ain, France
Crossing:Saône River
Coordinates:46.002033 N 4.749783 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2017)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Belleville

Belleville, Rhône and Ain, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:979 (added 2003-11-15)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Belleville
Also Known As:Belleville-sur-Saône
Location:Belleville, Rhône and Ain, France
Crossing:Saône River
Use:Vehicular
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1831: Decize

Decize, Nièvre, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1725 (added 2005-04-05)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Decize
Location:Decize, Nièvre, France
Crossing:Loire River
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1904
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Findhorn

Forres, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Findhorn
Bridgemeister ID:391 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Findhorn
Location:Forres, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Findhorn
Coordinates:57.6018 N 3.6557 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Sir Samuel Brown
References:AAJ, MOS, SBR
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed, 1938
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Was still standing in 1938 when it was bypassed, but was likely demolished some time in 1938.
Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Print, collection of David Denenberg Photo by Dave Cooper Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Langon

Langon, Aquitaine, France - Garonne River
Bridgemeister ID:1732 (added 2005-04-06)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Langon
Location:Langon, Aquitaine, France
Crossing:Garonne River
References:PTS2
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Photo, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Luzancy

Luzancy, Seine-et-Marne, France - Marne River
Bridgemeister ID:4919 (added 2020-07-26)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Luzancy
Location:Luzancy, Seine-et-Marne, France
Crossing:Marne River
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1925
Main Cables:Rod (iron)
Main Span:1 x 55 meters (180.4 feet)

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Masaryk

Lyon vicinity, Métropole de Lyon, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:543 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Masaryk
Also Known As:Masarik, Mazarik, de la Gare
Location:Lyon vicinity, Métropole de Lyon, France
Crossing:Saône River
Coordinates:45.778267 N 4.809017 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:PQL
Use:Vehicular (one-lane), with walkway
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2 x 85.2 meters (279.5 feet)
Deck width:6.5 meters

Notes:

External Links:

Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Mirabeau

Mirabeau, Vaucluse and Bouches-du-Rhône, France - Durance River
Bridgemeister ID:982 (added 2003-11-15)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Mirabeau
Location:Mirabeau, Vaucluse and Bouches-du-Rhône, France
Crossing:Durance River
Coordinates:43.68945 N 5.668267 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Jean-François-Theophilus Sauzet
References:AAJ, BPF
Use:Vehicular
Status:Only towers remain (last checked: 2005)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 150 meters (492.1 feet)
Deck width:5.5 meters

Notes:

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1831: Wellington

Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Dee
Bridgemeister ID:393 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1831
Name:Wellington
Also Known As:Craiglug
Location:Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Dee
Coordinates:57.13559 N 2.09560 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Sir Samuel Brown
References:SBR
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2014)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Reconstructed, 1930. Closed to vehicular traffic, 1984. Closed to all traffic 2002. Underwent extensive refurbishment, 2008.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Print, collection of David Denenberg Photo by Dave Cooper Photo by Dave Cooper Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1832: Aboyne

Aboyne, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Dee
Bridgemeister ID:2203 (added 2007-01-28)
Year Completed:1832
Name:Aboyne
Location:Aboyne, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Dee
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1832: La Roche-Posay

La Roche-Posay, Vienne and Indre-et-Loire, France - Creuse River
Bridgemeister ID:1601 (added 2005-02-06)
Year Completed:1832
Name:La Roche-Posay
Also Known As:La Roche-Posay-les-Bains
Location:La Roche-Posay, Vienne and Indre-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Creuse River
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1937
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1832: Saint-Vincent

Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:1098 (added 2004-01-02)
Year Completed:1832
Name:Saint-Vincent
Location:Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France
Crossing:Saône River
Coordinates:45.767583 N 4.827983 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:PQL
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1833: Cosne-sur-Loire

Cosne-sur-Loire, Nièvre and Boulleret, Cher, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1595 (added 2005-02-06)
Year Completed:1833
Name:Cosne-sur-Loire
Location:Cosne-sur-Loire, Nièvre and Boulleret, Cher, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.411396 N 2.918450 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1928
Main Cables:Chain (iron)

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1833: Le Veurdre

Le Veurdre, Allier and Saint-Pierre-le-Moutier, Nièvre, France - Allier River
Bridgemeister ID:2031 (added 2006-04-22)
Year Completed:1833
Name:Le Veurdre
Location:Le Veurdre, Allier and Saint-Pierre-le-Moutier, Nièvre, France
Crossing:Allier River
Coordinates:46.758333 N 3.049167 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Spans:3

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1833: Norfolk

Shoreham, England, United Kingdom - River Adur
Bridgemeister ID:604 (added 2003-01-12)
Year Completed:1833
Name:Norfolk
Location:Shoreham, England, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Adur
Principals:William Tierney Clark
References:AAJ, MOS
Use:Vehicular, with walkway
Status:Replaced, 1923
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 86.6 meters (284 feet)
Side Spans:2

Notes:

  • According to MOS, the 284 foot measurement given for this bridge is for the "chord line" of the chains, not the pier-to-pier deck length.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1834: Aranjuez

Aranjuez, Spain - Tagus River
Bridgemeister ID:5111 (added 2020-09-05)
Year Completed:1834
Name:Aranjuez
Also Known As:Barcas
Location:Aranjuez, Spain
Crossing:Tagus River
Principals:Pedro Miranda
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed, 1930
Main Cables:Eyebar (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Sometimes claimed to be built in the 1820s, it appears to have been started in 1829 and completed in 1834. The bridge is attributed to Pedro Miranda who was born in 1808.
Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1834: Crathie

Crathie vicinity, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Dee
Bridgemeister ID:1084 (added 2004-01-01)
Year Completed:1834
Name:Crathie
Location:Crathie vicinity, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Dee
Coordinates:57.0335 N 3.211 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Justice Junior and Co.
References:AAJ, BSI, HBR
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Closed, December 2015 (last checked: 2015)
Main Cables:Eyebar (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 42.1 meters (138 feet)
Deck width:14 feet

Notes:

  • Small iron chain suspension bridge.
  • BSI: Reported to have been "almost entirely renewed", 1885. Ruddock also suggests the bridge was originally constructed with just diagonal stays (as other Justice bridges) and the catenary chains were added during the renewal.

External Links:

Photo by Dave Cooper Photo by David Denenberg

1834: Ile aux Barques

Ile aux Barques, Geneva, Switzerland
Bridgemeister ID:1826 (added 2005-05-30)
Year Completed:1834
Name:Ile aux Barques
Also Known As:Bergues
Location:Ile aux Barques, Geneva, Switzerland
Principals:Guillame Henri Dufour
References:AAJ, GHD
Use:Footbridge
Status:Removed, 1881
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 33.5 meters (109.9 feet)

Notes:

  • GHD: "...asymmetrical bridge supported by a single pier."
  • Ile aux Barques is now known as Ile Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
  • This location is better known for the large underspanned suspension bridge completed in 1834 by Dufour (documented in great detail in reference GHD). The underspanned bridge is omitted from the Bridgemeister inventory. This entry is for the small footbridge that connected to the larger underspanned bridge. Follow the image link for more information.

External Links:

Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg

1834: Louis-Philippe

Île St-Louis, Paris, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:983 (added 2003-11-15)
Year Completed:1834
Name:Louis-Philippe
Also Known As:de la Reforme
Location:Île St-Louis, Paris, France
Crossing:Seine River
Principals:Marc Seguin
References:AAJ, PTS2
Use:Vehicular (one-lane), with walkway
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2
Deck width:14.44 feet

Notes:

External Links:

Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg

1834: Saint-Thibault

Saint-Thibault, Saint-Satur vicinity, Cher and Nièvre, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1650 (added 2005-03-19)
Year Completed:1834
Name:Saint-Thibault
Location:Saint-Thibault, Saint-Satur vicinity, Cher and Nièvre, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.338358 N 2.868882 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Replaced, 1934
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:5
Main Spans:5
Deck width:14.44 feet

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1834: Zaehringen

Fribourg, Switzerland - Sarine River
Bridgemeister ID:395 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1834
Name:Zaehringen
Also Known As:Grand Pont Suspendu
Location:Fribourg, Switzerland
Crossing:Sarine River
Principals:Joseph Chaley
References:AAJ, BBR, BFL, HBE, LAB
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed, 1920's
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 273.1 meters (896 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Print, collection of David Denenberg Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1835: Chasse

Chasse-sur-Rhône, Isère and Givors, Métropole De Lyon, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:980 (added 2003-11-15)
Year Completed:1835
Name:Chasse
Also Known As:Givors
Location:Chasse-sur-Rhône, Isère and Givors, Métropole De Lyon, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:45.581666 N 4.780083 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2005)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

  • Cables and deck appear to have been replaced (at least once).
  • AAJ describes an accident in 1836: "...some of the iron-work, which was faulty, gave way and the platform fell into the river. Six persons were drowned."

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1835: La Réole

La Réole, Gironde, France - Garonne River
Bridgemeister ID:1768 (added 2005-04-22)
Year Completed:1835
Name:La Réole
Location:La Réole, Gironde, France
Crossing:Garonne River
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1835: Langeac

Langeac, Haute-Loire, France - Allier River
Bridgemeister ID:1701 (added 2005-03-29)
Year Completed:1835
Name:Langeac
Location:Langeac, Haute-Loire, France
Crossing:Allier River
Coordinates:45.100706 N 3.498480 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1929
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Notes:

  • AAJ guesses this bridge was completed in 1835 based on contract let in 1833 specifying a two-year construction period.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1835: Les Ormes

Les Ormes, Vienne, France - Vienne River
Bridgemeister ID:2074 (added 2006-06-09)
Year Completed:1835
Name:Les Ormes
Location:Les Ormes, Vienne, France
Crossing:Vienne River
Use:Vehicular
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1835: Montmerle-sur-Saône

Montmerle-sur-Saône, Ain and Saint-Georges-de-Reneins, Rhône, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:1586 (added 2005-01-22)
Year Completed:1835
Name:Montmerle-sur-Saône
Location:Montmerle-sur-Saône, Ain and Saint-Georges-de-Reneins, Rhône, France
Crossing:Saône River
Coordinates:46.080483 N 4.754933 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AGP
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Notes:

  • 1944: Heavily damaged during WWII. Repaired.

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1835: Roquemaure

Roquemaure, Gard and Orange, Vaucluse, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:1735 (added 2005-04-19)
Year Completed:1835
Name:Roquemaure
Location:Roquemaure, Gard and Orange, Vaucluse, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:44.069467 N 4.7689 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Only towers remain (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:4
Main Spans:4

Notes:

  • One of the four spans, effectively a separate bridge over a small channel of the Rhône to an island that connected to the main river spans, was still standing in early 2005, but closed to all traffic. The deck and cables were removed or destroyed at some point in 2005 or 2006 leaving just the pylons of this span.
  • Replaced by Roquemaure - Roquemaure, Gard and Orange, Vaucluse, France.

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1836: Fourchambault

Fourchambault, Nièvre and Cher, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1598 (added 2005-02-06)
Year Completed:1836
Name:Fourchambault
Location:Fourchambault, Nièvre and Cher, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.012339 N 3.073304 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, c. 1940's
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:6
Main Spans:6

Notes:

  • Dynamited in 1940 or 1941. Eventually replaced by a long low-lying truss bridge.
Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1836: Kalemouth

Eckford, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Teviot
Bridgemeister ID:396 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1836
Name:Kalemouth
Location:Eckford, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Teviot
Coordinates:55.539902 N 2.463519 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Sir Samuel Brown
References:SBR
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Restricted to foot traffic, since 2020 (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Eyebar (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 64.6 meters (212 feet)

Photo by Dave Cooper Photo by David Denenberg

1836: Le Guétin

Le Guétin, Cuffy vicinity, Cher and Gimouille, Nièvre, France - Allier River
Bridgemeister ID:1652 (added 2005-03-19)
Year Completed:1836
Name:Le Guétin
Location:Le Guétin, Cuffy vicinity, Cher and Gimouille, Nièvre, France
Crossing:Allier River
Coordinates:46.947218 N 3.074370 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1930
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:5
Main Spans:5 x 62 meters (203.42 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1836: Saint-Sever

Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:1154 (added 2004-01-18)
Year Completed:1836
Name:Saint-Sever
Location:Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France
Crossing:Seine River
Principals:Marc Seguin
Status:Destroyed, 1884
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1837: Bruère-Allichamps

Bruère-Allichamps, Saint-Amand-Montrond vicinity, Cher, France - Cher River
Bridgemeister ID:1437 (added 2004-07-30)
Year Completed:1837
Name:Bruère-Allichamps
Location:Bruère-Allichamps, Saint-Amand-Montrond vicinity, Cher, France
Crossing:Cher River
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:1

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1837: Shakkin

Cults, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom - River Dee
Bridgemeister ID:1546 (added 2004-11-13)
Year Completed:1837
Name:Shakkin
Also Known As:Shakin, St. Devenick's, Morrison
Location:Cults, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Dee
Coordinates:57.11460 N 2.17056 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:John Smith
Use:Footbridge
Status:Derelict (last checked: 2014)
Main Cables:Chain (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 54.9 meters (180.1 feet)
Side Spans:2

Notes:

  • Damaged by flood, 1876, and 1920. Reconstructed, 1921-1922. "Stranded" by shift in river's course, 1970's and 1980's, sweeping away southern approach spans. Deck removed, 1984.
  • Known locally as "Shakin' Briggie" or "Shakkin' Briggie," but also referred to as Morrison Bridge and St. Devenick's Bridge.
  • Restoration under consideration, 2005.

External Links:

Photo by William Munter Photo by Dave Cooper Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1838: Ancenis

Ancenis, Loire-Atlantique and Le Fourneau, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1036 (added 2003-12-03)
Year Completed:1838
Name:Ancenis
Location:Ancenis, Loire-Atlantique and Le Fourneau, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Principals:Marc Seguin
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, 1944
Main Cables:Wire (iron)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1838: Conflans

Andrésy and Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, Yvelines, France - Oise River
Bridgemeister ID:1687 (added 2005-03-26)
Year Completed:1838
Name:Conflans
Also Known As:Fin d'Oise
Location:Andrésy and Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, Yvelines, France
Crossing:Oise River
Principals:Seguin Brothers
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 75 meters (246.1 feet)
Deck width:5.5 meters

Notes:

  • Likely replaced by the current concrete arch bridge at this location.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1838: Löwenbrücke

Berlin, Germany
Bridgemeister ID:858 (added 2003-08-09)
Year Completed:1838
Name:Löwenbrücke
Also Known As:Lion's Bridge
Location:Berlin, Germany
At or Near Feature:Tiergarten
Coordinates:52.512383 N 13.345667 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Ludwig Ferdinand Hesse
References:PTS2
Use:Footbridge
Status:Closed (last checked: 2013)
Main Cables:Chain
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 17.3 meters (56.8 feet)
Deck width:2 meters

Notes:

  • Now supported by wire cable.
  • In the early 2010s, the bridge was closed and the deck was removed (see accompanying 2013 photo set). By 2019 it had been further dismantled awaiting rehabilitation.

External Links:

Photo by Eckhard Bernstorff Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Photo by David Denenberg

1838: Marmande

Marmande, Lot-et-Garonne, France - Garonne River
Bridgemeister ID:1603 (added 2005-02-06)
Year Completed:1838
Name:Marmande
Location:Marmande, Lot-et-Garonne, France
Crossing:Garonne River
Coordinates:44.499538 N 0.156698 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Failed, 1930
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:2
Side Spans:2

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1838: Saint Laurent

Grenoble, Isère, France - Isère River
Bridgemeister ID:1158 (added 2004-01-18)
Year Completed:1838
Name:Saint Laurent
Location:Grenoble, Isère, France
Crossing:Isère River
Coordinates:45.194433 N 5.729017 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 61 meters (200.1 feet) estimated

Notes:

  • 1909: The bridge is extensively renovated.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1838: Triel-sur-Seine

Triel-sur-Seine and Vernouillet, Yvelines, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:1756 (added 2005-04-20)
Year Completed:1838
Name:Triel-sur-Seine
Location:Triel-sur-Seine and Vernouillet, Yvelines, France
Crossing:Seine River
Coordinates:48.978606 N 2.001981 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Seguin Brothers
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, 1940
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1839: Basse-Chaîne

Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France - Maine River
Bridgemeister ID:993 (added 2003-11-16)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Basse-Chaîne
Also Known As:Angers
Location:Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Maine River
Principals:Joseph Chaley
References:AAJ, GHD, HBE, PTS2
Status:Collapsed, 1850
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 102 meters (334.66 feet)
Deck width:23.62 feet

Notes:

  • Collapsed under weight of maching troops, April 16, 1850, killing more than 200 soldiers. Collapse precipitated French virtual moratorium on suspension bridge building bringing to a close the prolific era of French wire cable suspension bridges.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1839: Belleperche

Cordes-Tolosannes, Tarn-et-Garonne, France - Garonne River
Bridgemeister ID:2101 (added 2006-07-23)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Belleperche
Location:Cordes-Tolosannes, Tarn-et-Garonne, France
Crossing:Garonne River
Coordinates:43.995722 N 1.125750 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Removed

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1839: Cadenet

Cadenet, Vaucluse and Bouches-du-Rhône, France - Durance River
Bridgemeister ID:1008 (added 2003-11-21)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Cadenet
Location:Cadenet, Vaucluse and Bouches-du-Rhône, France
Crossing:Durance River
Coordinates:43.712117 N 5.365317 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Adolphe Boulland
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Only towers remain (last checked: 2005)

Notes:

  • Damaged by flood 1843, closed until 1844, destroyed 1944. Towers still standing, 2005.

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg

1839: Caille

Allonzier-La-Caille vicinity, Haute-Savoie, France - Usses Torrent
Bridgemeister ID:859 (added 2003-08-09)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Caille
Also Known As:Charles-Albert
Location:Allonzier-La-Caille vicinity, Haute-Savoie, France
Crossing:Usses Torrent
Coordinates:46.0126 N 6.111633 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:E. Belin
References:AAJ, BPF, PTS2
Use:Vehicular
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 192 meters (629.9 feet)

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1839: Cournon

Pérignat-sur-Allier and Cournon-d'Auvergne, Puy-de-Dôme, France - Allier River
Bridgemeister ID:1726 (added 2005-04-05)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Cournon
Location:Pérignat-sur-Allier and Cournon-d'Auvergne, Puy-de-Dôme, France
Crossing:Allier River
Coordinates:45.729820 N 3.213100 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane), with walkway
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1839: Manosque

Manosque, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France - Durance River
Bridgemeister ID:2001 (added 2005-12-26)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Manosque
Location:Manosque, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France
Crossing:Durance River
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1839: Port-à-Binson

Port-à-Binson, Marne, France - Marne River
Bridgemeister ID:2057 (added 2006-06-03)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Port-à-Binson
Location:Port-à-Binson, Marne, France
Crossing:Marne River
Principals:Seguin Brothers
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, 1910s
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1839: Saint André-de-Cubzac

Saint André-de-Cubzac, Gironde, France - Dordogne River
Bridgemeister ID:550 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1839
Name:Saint André-de-Cubzac
Also Known As:Cubzac
Location:Saint André-de-Cubzac, Gironde, France
Crossing:Dordogne River
Coordinates:44.962000 N 0.461444 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Marie Fortuné de Vergès, Emil Martin
References:AAJ, HBE, PTS2
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, 1869
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:5
Main Spans:5 x 109 meters (357.6 feet)
Deck width:23 feet

Notes:

  • This is perhaps one of the most fanciful large suspension bridges ever built.
  • Destroyed in a storm, 1869. Its replacement (a truss bridge) was completed in 1883. The approaches and the bottom halves of the suspension bridge towers were strengthened and used for the replacement.
  • AAJ citing Engineering News-Record: "Vergès used inclined tie cables running from the top of the tower at one end of a span to a roadway-level connection on the opposite tower."

External Links:

Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg Print, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1840: Bigny

Saint-Loup-des-Chaumes and Bigny, Cher, France - Cher River
Bridgemeister ID:2005 (added 2006-01-02)
Year Completed:1840
Name:Bigny
Location:Saint-Loup-des-Chaumes and Bigny, Cher, France
Crossing:Cher River
Coordinates:46.804972 N 2.371306 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Demolished, 1951
Suspended Spans:1

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1840: Brignoud

Brignoud, Isère, France - Isère River
Bridgemeister ID:2320 (added 2007-05-05)
Year Completed:1840
Name:Brignoud
Location:Brignoud, Isère, France
Crossing:Isère River
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1840: Lézardrieux

Lézardrieux, Côtes-d'Armor, France - Trieux River
Bridgemeister ID:1116 (added 2004-01-05)
Year Completed:1840
Name:Lézardrieux
Location:Lézardrieux, Côtes-d'Armor, France
Crossing:Trieux River
Coordinates:48.780778 N 3.106222 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Seguin Brothers
References:AAJ, PTS2
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Replaced, 1925
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 150 meters (492.1 feet)

Notes:

  • 1925: Replaced by a Gisclard suspension bridge reusing the approach spans and piers of the 1840 suspension bridge.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1840: Mornay-sur-Allier

Mornay-sur-Allier, Cher and St-Pierre-le-Moûtier, Nièvre, France - Allier River
Bridgemeister ID:2342 (added 2007-08-12)
Year Completed:1840
Name:Mornay-sur-Allier
Location:Mornay-sur-Allier, Cher and St-Pierre-le-Moûtier, Nièvre, France
Crossing:Allier River
Coordinates:46.815250 N 3.043606 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 80 meters (262.5 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 67 meters (219.8 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1840: Mornay-sur-Allier

Mornay-sur-Allier, Cher and St-Pierre-le-Moûtier, Nièvre, France - Allier River
Bridgemeister ID:7901 (added 2023-10-15)
Year Completed:1840
Name:Mornay-sur-Allier
Location:Mornay-sur-Allier, Cher and St-Pierre-le-Moûtier, Nièvre, France
Crossing:Allier River
Coordinates:46.814793 N 3.045624 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1936
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 67.4 meters (221.1 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

Bridgemeister ID:1031 (added 2003-11-30)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Agen
Location:Agen, Lot-et-Garonne, France
Crossing:Garonne River
Coordinates:44.201972 N 0.608861 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Replaced

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Boran

Boran-sur-Oise, Oise, France - Oise River
Bridgemeister ID:2064 (added 2006-06-06)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Boran
Location:Boran-sur-Oise, Oise, France
Crossing:Oise River
Coordinates:49.168388 N 2.366337 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane), with walkway
Status:Destroyed, 1914
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg. Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Chalonnes

Chalonnes-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1419 (added 2004-07-17)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Chalonnes
Location:Chalonnes-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.354170 N 0.761887 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Seguin Brothers
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, June 20, 1940
Main Cables:Wire (iron)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Chauvort

Allerey-sur-Saône and Verdun-sur-le-Doubs, Saône-et-Loire, France - Saône River
Bridgemeister ID:779 (added 2003-03-16)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Chauvort
Location:Allerey-sur-Saône and Verdun-sur-le-Doubs, Saône-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Saône River
Coordinates:46.906222 N 5.003611 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Only towers remain (last checked: 2023)
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Châteauneuf-sur-Loire

Châteauneuf-sur-Loire, Loiret, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1016 (added 2003-11-22)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Châteauneuf-sur-Loire
Location:Châteauneuf-sur-Loire, Loiret, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.857889 N 2.223417 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Seguin Brothers
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:5
Main Spans:5

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Châtillon-sur-Loire

Châtillon-sur-Loire, Loiret, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1017 (added 2003-11-22)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Châtillon-sur-Loire
Location:Châtillon-sur-Loire, Loiret, France
Crossing:Loire River
Principals:Marc Seguin
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1931
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:4
Main Spans:2 x 92 meters (301.8 feet),
2 x 76 meters (249.3 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Kenmare

Kenmare, Ireland - Kenmare River
Bridgemeister ID:399 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Kenmare
Location:Kenmare, Ireland
Crossing:Kenmare River
Principals:Sir Samuel Brown
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Oban

Lavacherie, Sainte-Ode, Belgium - Ourthe River
Bridgemeister ID:5577 (added 2020-12-20)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Oban
Location:Lavacherie, Sainte-Ode, Belgium
Crossing:Ourthe River
Coordinates:50.062789 N 5.507661 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Status:Destroyed, December, 1944
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 14 meters (45.9 feet)

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Quincy

Quincy, Cher, France - Cher River
Bridgemeister ID:5678 (added 2021-03-13)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Quincy
Location:Quincy, Cher, France
Crossing:Cher River
Coordinates:47.135019 N 2.163212 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Replaced, 1925
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1841: Verdun-sur-Garonne

Verdun-sur-Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, France - Garonne River
Bridgemeister ID:2158 (added 2006-12-10)
Year Completed:1841
Name:Verdun-sur-Garonne
Location:Verdun-sur-Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, France
Crossing:Garonne River
References:AAJ, PTS2
Use:Vehicular
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 151 meters (495.4 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1842: Aywaille

Aywaille, Wallonia, Belgium - Amblève River
Bridgemeister ID:6630 (added 2021-09-07)
Year Completed:1842
Name:Aywaille
Location:Aywaille, Wallonia, Belgium
Crossing:Amblève River
References:IBB
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1934
Main Cables:Eyebar (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 50 meters (164 feet) estimated

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1842: Fairmount

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA - Schuylkill River
Bridgemeister ID:24 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1842
Name:Fairmount
Also Known As:Callowhill Street, Upper Ferry
Location:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Crossing:Schuylkill River
Principals:Charles Ellet
References:BBR, BOB, BPL, HBE, LAB, PTS2, WHSB
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1875
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 104.2 meters (342 feet)

Notes:

  • BBR and BOB say 1841.
Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg

1842: Gennes

Gennes and Les Rosiers-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1172 (added 2004-01-23)
Year Completed:1842
Name:Gennes
Location:Gennes and Les Rosiers-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.345559 N 0.230343 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Wire (iron)

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1842: Les Rosiers-sur-Loire

Les Rosiers-sur-Loire and Gennes, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1943 (added 2005-10-29)
Year Completed:1842
Name:Les Rosiers-sur-Loire
Location:Les Rosiers-sur-Loire and Gennes, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.349195 N 0.227169 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Wire (iron)

Notes:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1842: Pertuiset

Pertuiset, Firminy vicinity, Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1165 (added 2004-01-19)
Year Completed:1842
Name:Pertuiset
Location:Pertuiset, Firminy vicinity, Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Principals:M. Letrain
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg

1842: Rochemaure

Rochemaure, Ardèche and Ancône, Drôme, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:950 (added 2003-10-31)
Year Completed:1842
Name:Rochemaure
Location:Rochemaure, Ardèche and Ancône, Drôme, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:44.583117 N 4.71035 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:BPF
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Only towers remain (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

Notes:

  • Failed 1856, rebuilt 1858, destroyed 1940 (war), rebuilt 1942, destroyed 1944 (war), rebuilt 1946, restricted to pedestrians, 1983. Abandoned in the 1990s. Stood in a derelict state for several years.
  • 2013: Work is completed to replace the derelict deck with a suspension footbridge that sits on the original piers but does not use the towers of the former suspension bridge. This new installation is tracked separately.
  • Replaced by 2013 Himalayenne (Rochemaure, Himalayan) - Rochemaure, Ardèche, France.

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1842: Suresnes

Suresnes, Hauts-de-Seine, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:1929 (added 2005-10-23)
Year Completed:1842
Name:Suresnes
Location:Suresnes, Hauts-de-Seine, France
Crossing:Seine River
Coordinates:48.866905 N 2.229533 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Charles Seguin, Paul Seguin, M. Surville
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, 1870
Main Cables:Wire (iron)

External Links:

Stereoview, collection of David Denenberg

1843: Avignon

Avignon, Vaucluse and Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, Gard, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:986 (added 2003-11-15)
Year Completed:1843
Name:Avignon
Location:Avignon, Vaucluse and Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, Gard, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:43.951490 N 4.800048 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Seguin Brothers
Use:Vehicular
Status:Demolished, c. 1960
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

  • Coordinates are for the present day (2022) Pont Édouard Daladier. The suspension bridge was on an alignment immediately adjacent to it.
  • 1888-1890: Strengthened, and perhaps largely rebuilt, by Ferdinand Arnodin. This introduced the hybrid cable-stayed/suspension system commonly seen in images of the bridge.
  • 1944, June: Heavily damaged by US bombardment. Eventually repaired and reopened.

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1843: Bassou

Bassou and Bonnard, Yonne, France - Yonne River
Bridgemeister ID:2234 (added 2007-03-19)
Year Completed:1843
Name:Bassou
Location:Bassou and Bonnard, Yonne, France
Crossing:Yonne River
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1967
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:1

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1843: Ingrandes

Ingrandes, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1171 (added 2004-01-23)
Year Completed:1843
Name:Ingrandes
Location:Ingrandes, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.40075 N 0.918683 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:8
Main Spans:8

Notes:

  • Structurae has the bridge completed in 1922 (with a 1941 reconstruction) and AAJ suggests the bridge was completed 1924-1927, but older images of the bridge show an older bridge consistent with the 1843 date. The later dates represent reconstructions. The current bridge has steel cables.

External Links:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1843: Villeneuve-Saint-Georges

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and Villeneuve-le-Roi, Val-de-Marne, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:1654 (added 2005-03-19)
Year Completed:1843
Name:Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Location:Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and Villeneuve-le-Roi, Val-de-Marne, France
Crossing:Seine River
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1939
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

Bridgemeister ID:544 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1844
Name:Mouton
Location:Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France
Crossing:Saône River
Coordinates:45.774187 N 4.810129 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:PQL
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Replaced, 1952
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1844: Saint-Claude

Saint-Claude, Jura, France - Tacon River
Bridgemeister ID:1200 (added 2004-01-31)
Year Completed:1844
Name:Saint-Claude
Location:Saint-Claude, Jura, France
Crossing:Tacon River
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1939
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Replaced by a concrete arch, 1939.
Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1844: Saint-Denis

Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis and Villeneuve-la-Garenne, Hauts-de-Seine, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:1686 (added 2005-03-26)
Year Completed:1844
Name:Saint-Denis
Location:Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis and Villeneuve-la-Garenne, Hauts-de-Seine, France
Crossing:Seine River
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, 1904
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:2
Main Spans:2

External Links:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1844: Union

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada - Chaudière Falls
Bridgemeister ID:26 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1844
Name:Union
Location:Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Crossing:Chaudière Falls
Principals:Samuel Keefer
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1889
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 74.2 meters (243.5 feet)

Notes:

  • At time of completion, Ottawa was still known as Bytown.

External Links:

Print, collection of David Denenberg Photo courtesy of  Library and Archives Canada, Acc. No. 1999-00513-9-1



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